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He is completely trustworthy and high caliber in his work. His partners and employees are very blessed to work with him. I am honored to know them. Heather Lebrun This article will review the biographies of a number of famous Jews of Sephardic or Portuguese descent, from countries throughout the world. Our office specializes in the field of immigration, relocation and obtaining foreign citizenship. Our office assists clients in the process of obtaining Portuguese citizenship for descendants of Spanish expellees, currently living in Israel or in other countries.

Spanish expellees — general background Over five hundred years have passed since the Spanish and Portuguese Jews were expelled from the Iberian Peninsula at the end of the 15th century. Remarkably, the Spanish expulsion occurred only three months before the Spanish conquistadors discovered America. After discovering the new continent, the Spanish sailors figured out how to circumnavigate the world, sketching the various continents on clear maps.

At the time of the expulsion, Jews in Spain and Portugal numbered about , Ejected from their homes, they migrated from place to place in an attempt to find Jewish communities to settle into. In the process, they spread across vast territories — from Morocco to India , from Yemen to Britain , including such countries as Poland , Iran , Uzbekistan Bukhara , the Ukraine , Iraq , and more. With the dawning of the age of discovery in , many Spanish and Portuguese Jews began to migrate towards the American territories.

They had great financial means and extensive trading connections. Among them were many Spanish Marranos who were searching for a more inviting home than extremist Spain of the Middle Ages. Over time, the Sephardic Jews assimilated in the countries they arrived in and became known. Among them were successful traders, authors, economists, philosophers, businesspeople, famous architects, and even wise and resourceful rabbis.

We have chosen to present a list of fifty famous descendants of Sephardic Jews, whom we deem as influential people who greatly benefitted the fields in which they were involved. Famous Jews of Spanish and Portuguese descent who can be found in history books Baruch Spinoza — a Dutch philosopher of Portuguese descent.

One of the early thinkers who brought forth the idea of the age of enlightenment, and one of the first critics in the field of modern biblical criticism. Herzl founded the World Zionist Organization and worked to promote Jewish immigration to the land of Israel in an attempt to create a Jewish state. He is considered the visionary of the state of Israel. Moses Montefiore — a British financier, banker, and philanthropist. He served as the Sheriff of London and donated large sums of money to develop the industry, education, and health of the Jews in the Middle East.

Karl Marx — a German economist, philosopher, sociologist, historian, journalist and socialist revolutionary. He is considered the founder of the theory of the communist regime, which greatly influenced many countries throughout the 20th century and to this day.

In addition, he wrote essays on the advancement of society under socialism. His ideas inspired Marxist movements in many countries and are studied in universities throughout the world. David Ricardo — a British economist of Portuguese descent. He is known as one of the four most influential classical economists, along with Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus and James Mill.

Judah Alkalai — a native of Sarajevo , the capital of Bosnia. He is considered one of the visionaries of Zionism, along with Herzl. The book deals with the connection to the founding texts of the religious Zionist movement. Teresa de Cartagena —? As a woman, she is considered the first female Spanish poet, and also as the first Spanish feminist. In her writings, she emphasized that women must be taught to read and write, just like men are taught. In addition, she argued that women are more spiritual than men and that they have a higher inner power than men, who are busy fighting each other.

She also disagreed with the reigning opinion at that time, that women are inferior or weak, and explained that this argument is derived solely from defective traditions. Her feminist ideas seeped into the European aristocracy in the years after her death.

He wrote novels and fiction during his time as prime minister, which are still read today, and worked to establish the modern conservative party, which exists to this day and serves as the oldest political party in the UK.

Jacques Derrida — a philosopher of Algerian -Spanish descent who lived in France. He was a polymath with vast knowledge who greatly affected the humanities and social science fields and the way we view them today. He wrote essays on anthropology, literature, law, history, linguistics, psychology, politics and more, and his writings are studied today in universities in Europe and in South America. Amatus Lusitanus — a notable Portuguese physician and descendant of a Marrano family.

He may be considered the greatest doctor from the 16th century, particularly thanks to his discoveries about the heart valves and their functions, which later led him to discover the circulatory system. He was summoned to serve the kings of Venice and of Poland, nobles of the Ottoman Empire, counts of the Low Countries, the Pope, and more.

Muammar Gaddafi a Libyan , descendant of the Bedouin tribe Qadhadhfa. The Mendes Benbenishti family — A famous Sephardic family over a thousand years old. The pedigree of the family goes back to the heads of the Babylonian diaspora such as Rabbi Sheshet and Rabbi Chisda. It is said that the patriarchs of the family decided about years ago to immigrate from the Provence region to Barcelona.

In Barcelona, thanks to their connections and high status, they assisted in the foundation of the Aragon principality at the beginning of the 11th century and the Barcelona principality at the end of the same century. Among the descendants of the family were the famous bankers Francisco and Diogo Mendes Benbenishti.

They were the directors of a powerful trading company and a world-renowned bank whose agents operated in Europe and in the Middle East. It is said that in her time she was considered the wealthiest woman in the world. Daniel Mendoza — a legendary British boxer of Sephardic origin. He held the position of the British Island champion for four consecutive years between He was considered a boxing artist of his time, and became known as an intelligent man who developed a defense strategy that greatly surpassed his generation.

It is said that when Mendoza became an admired London hero at the end of the 18th century, he managed to raise the status of London Jews, who were suffering from severe antisemitism at the time. The team also found a mix of indigenous American, European, sub-Saharan African, and East Asian ancestry in many people they sampled—a legacy of colonialism, the transatlantic slave trade, and more recent pulses of immigration from Asia. Spain did not allow converts or their recent descendants to go to its colonies, so they traveled secretly under falsified documents.

The designation applied not just to converts but also to their descendants who were always Catholic. It came with more than a whiff of a stigma. Conversos who aspired to high offices in the Church or military often tried to fake their ancestry. The genetic record now suggests that conversos—or people who shared ancestry with them—came to the Americas in disproportionate numbers.

For conversos persecuted at home, the fast-growing colonies of the New World may have seemed like an opportunity and an escape. But the Spanish Inquisition reached into the colonies, too. Those found guilty of observing Jewish practices in Mexico, for example, were burned at the stake. Nearly a quarter of the Latin Americans shared 5 percent or more of their ancestry with people living in North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean, including self-identified Sephardic Jews. DNA alone cannot prove that conversos were the source of this ancestry, but it fits with the historical record.

This pattern of widespread but low North African and eastern Mediterranean ancestry in the population suggests that its source is centuries old, putting the date around the early days of New Spain. In contrast, more recent immigration to Latin America from Italy and Germany in the late 19th century shows up concentrated in relatively few people in a few geographic areas.

Geneticists have also noticed rare genetic diseases prevalent in Jews popping up in Latin America. In , Ostrer and his colleagues decided to study two populations—in Ecuador and Colorado—with unusually high prevalence of two mutations often found in Jews. One mutation was in the breast-cancer gene BRCA1, and the other caused a form of dwarfism called Laron syndrome.

And indeed, they found enriched Sephardic Jewish ancestry in the 53 people they tested. The idea of Jews secretly living in the New World has attracted considerable mythologizing.

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What are Cryptocurrencies? Cryptocurrencies are digital currencies that are traded electronically. They are decentralized, that is, they are not issued by governments nor are they kept in banks like traditional currencies. Bitcoin was the first digital currency developed and is still the most widely recognized, but many more have followed.

Cryptocurrencies are easily and quickly traded. Transfers take minutes instead of days. Because of their potential to increase in value, some people use crypto for investment. Cryptocurrency in Central America El Salvador rocked the financial world in September when it became the first country to adopt Bitcoin as an official currency. Many economists, including the International Monetary Fund, criticized the move because of the risk of financial instability.

Residents can even pay their taxes with cryptocurrencies. Panama is already known as a hub for financial services, and now the movement of money could be even simpler. The official policy of the Costa Rican Central Bank is that Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are not backed by the government and the laws, but they are not illegal either. Crypto can be seen in more and more places. Local news source Tico Times reports: "Costa Rica is one of the few crypto-friendly countries in the world.

There are a significant number of businesses that have already begun to accept cryptocurrencies as a form of digital payments". In Costa Rica, employers can pay their employees with cryptocurrency. Can I use the sale of my cryptocurrency to buy a property in Costa Rica? No, cryptocurrency is not yet recognized as legal tender for public transactions, such as buying and selling real estate so do not count on the incomes after you sold your crypto to purchase real estate in Costa Rica.

The escrow companies won't consider the sale of your BTC as legal money and therefore, you won't be allowed to send the funds in Costa Rica, even if the money is coming from your bank account where you have deposit the funds of the BTC sale. We wrote an article in January about cryptocurrencies and real estate in Costa Rica. Nothing has really changed yet. According to the Costa Rica tax code, capital gains on cryptocurrency investments are not taxable. This community maintained close blood and family ties by marrying each other.

This population, predominantly Ashkenazi , was devoted mainly to door-to-door sales and payments, thus the name "polaco" Spanish for Polish people became a colloquial synonym for Jews, as well as for door-to-door salesmen in general. Like the Sephardi, the community has maintained a close family bond between members of the same group. The opposition candidate in the elections was Otilio Ulate Blanco. Ulate was the presumed winner of the elections, although with mutual accusations of voter fraud , which caused rejection of the results by the ruling party and finally the outbreak of a revolution.

Costa Rica voted in favor of the establishment of the State of Israel in and was, along with El Salvador for many years, one of the only countries with embassies in Jerusalem.